Needle-free Diabetes Management

According to this article microneedles are used in automated diabetes therapy systems. By bridging diagnostics and therapeutics, advanced bioengineered systems could constitute a "smart" system for diabetes treatment. Oral, hypodermic, through the nose, and other modes of delivery all have limitations, such as pain and other side effects. Physical entities are transferred through the skin by most glucose monitoring devices and conservative insulin treatments. It is well known that automated diabetes treatment systems involve very multifaceted interdependencies between various entities, and as such require multidisciplinary research programs. To develop an iterative noninvasive bioengineered interface such as microneedles, we need a better understanding of the human skin's molecular architecture and its functioning as a functional unit of the body. Specifically for auto-diabetes therapy, The microneedle interfaces system in this article is examined from the perspective of application-specific requirements.