A Study of the Correlation between Pulmonary Function Test and Different Components of Metabolic Syndrome in South Indian Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

This chapter aims to determine the relationship between Metabolic syndrome and Pulmonary function in subjects with metabolic syndrome as well as association between different components of metabolic syndrome with respect to impairment of pulmonary function test.

Metabolic syndrome has been linked to pulmonary dysfunction. However, there is inadequate data, particularly in Indians, on the connection with individual components of metabolic syndrome and the overall effect on multiple components of pulmonary function.

This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of General Medicine at Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India. The study was consisting of 50 subjects with metabolic syndrome.

An unpaired t-test and Pearson's partial correlation coefficient were used to assess the relationship between the various elements of the metabolic syndrome and the pulmonary function tests, which were administered to all of the individuals.

Females showed moderately negative significant correlations between forced vital capacity (FVC) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglyceride (TG),

waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) whereas a positive weak non-significant correlation was seen between FVC and High-density

lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), while no such relation was found with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1).

In males, there was a negative, moderately significant association between FVC and FBS, but a strong, positive, significant link between FVC and WC and between FVC and BMI. FEV1 and WC had a negative, marginally significant connection, as did FEV1 and BMI.

Our study found that FBS and WC significantly decreased FVC in both sexes, while other metabolic syndrome factors had a slightly significant influence on FVC and no effect on FEV1, indicating a restrictive pattern of pulmonary function derangement. Insulin resistance could likely be a predominant contributing factor. In order to determine if there are direct or indirect processes via which insulin resistance could impact pulmonary function, additional research with bigger sample numbers is required.