The Effect of Colchicine on Profiles and Contents of Withanolides of Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) In vitro

This study aimed to determine the effect of in vitro polyploid induction using colchicine on the content of withanolides in Physalis angulata shoots. Polyploidy induction used two types of tissue, namely seeds from in vivo ripe fruit and in vitro cotyledonary nodes. Each tissue type was soaked in 0.1% colchicine for 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Seeds that had been soaked in colchicine were germinated in vitro and the cotyledonary nodes of seedling were used as explants for shoot induction. Meanwhile, the cotyledonary nodes that had been soaked in colchicine were immediately cultured on shoot induction medium. Media for shoot induction was MS + BAP 2 mg/L + IAA 0.05 mg/L. The shoots derived from multiplication were used for the analysis of withanolides content using the HPLC method. The results showed that a total of 38 withanolides compounds were detected in the retention time 21.6 to 36.8 minutes. Soaked the seeds in colchicine solution was more effective in increasing the withanolides content than the cotyledonary node tissues. All exposure time in colchicine only affected the intensity but had no effect on the profile of the withanolides.